Sadia Wilson, an independent candidate, also made a successful showing in the city, but not in the most progressive areas of the city, which are less affluent and more heavily Catholic.

The Democratic Party didn’t make an effort to attract middle-class and working-class voters from the suburbs to its platform: The party still represents the well-to-do. Even though many of these voters were voting for Sanders, they didn’t show up at the polls on Election Day, indicating that their feelings had not been fully articulated.

The Democratic campaign appeared to be driven by a mix of anti-establishment sentiments, some of which may have contributed to Sanders’ success. Even with black voters supporting the Democratic Party, black turnout may not have reflected what Obama and Republicans were trying to accomplish there.

As I wrote in an op-ed piece:

People of color, like other voters, tend to vote for Democrats at a disproportionate rate. That may seem intuitive. But in addition to the problem of racial polarization, it creates a problem that white and black Democrats may not be able to solve on their own. Because of their demographics, black voters are voting differently from whites. According to The Washington Post, black voters cast 51% of votes this year compared to 41% for whites, a margin of 3 percentage points. This isn’t a phenomenon born in a vacuum. There are structural effects in place that make it harder for black Democrats to gain access to the polls in places like Clarkston, a Baltimore suburb that boasts an educated, urban community, to the point that the Democratic Party has not fielded a black candidate for mayor for nearly a century.

This was most evident in the Democratic Party primary in Clarkston. The only black candidate for the race was John Bell, a dentist, who ran on a platform of building a wall along the border between the two countries — an assertion that has now been undercut by the U.S.-Mexico border wall.

This is an issue where Sanders may have been helped out. Baltimore has a black mayor, Catherine Pugh, and one black member of Parliament, Chris Van Hollen, but they weren’t successful in the general election. Pugh was unopposed for re-election the following year.

Clinton may also have benefited from the fact that she ran to be the first woman president, which has been a cause for concern with Democrats in the past, and the fact that she’s also the